C++ CLASSES AND OBJECTS
Class: The building block of C++ that leads to Object Oriented
programming is a Class. It is a user
defined data type, which holds its own data members and member functions, which
can be accessed and used by creating an instance of that class. A class is like
a blueprint for an object.
For Example: Consider the
Class of Cars. There may be many
cars with different names and brand but all of them will share some common
properties like all of them will have 4
wheels, Speed Limit, Mileage
range etc. So here,
Car is the class and wheels, speed limits, mileage are their properties.
v Data members are the data variables and member functions
are the functions used to manipulate these variables and together these data
members and member functions defines the properties and behavior of the objects
in a Class.
v In the above example of class Car, the data
member will be speed limit, mileage etc and member
functions can be apply brakes, increase speed etc.
An Object is an instance of a Class. When a class is defined, no memory
is allocated but when it is instantiated (i.e. an object is created) memory is
allocated.
Defining Class And Declaring Objects
A class is defined in C++ using keyword class followed by
the name of class. The body of class is defined inside the curly brackets and
terminated by a semicolon at the end.
Declaring Objects: When a class is
defined, only the specification for the object is defined; no memory or storage
is allocated. To use the data and access functions defined in the class, you
need to create objects.
Syntax:
Class name
objectname;
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